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366 Erdal Taşbaş

set out from Istanbul on May 15, 1574 . The Ottoman navy, which
8
entered the Tunisian Gulf on July 11 , conquered Tunisia on August
9
24, 1574 at the end of a 33-day war .
10
While the local powers of the region, which had a say in the Tuni-
sian lands, maintained their status, the Ottoman State appointed the
beylerbeyi here and received taxes every year . In Tunisia, which has
11
a striking unique place among the Ottoman provinces, two dynasties
that imposed semi-independence on the Ottoman administration and
enabled power to pass from father to son .
12
Tunisia and its neighbouring countries, which had very weak ties
with the Ottoman Empire, came under the influence of Italy and
France in the 19th century. When France captured Algeria in 1830,
the Muslims living there took refuge in the Ottoman regency . This
13
conquest of France was an important development in terms of Medi-
terranean geopolitics and its continuation was inevitable. France,
14
which captured Algeria, turned its attention to Tunisia and occupied
it in 1881 . Sadık Bey, who ruled the region as Tunisian Governor
15
since 1859, signed an agreement with the French on 12 May 1881 and
accepted French sovereignty .
16
After the invasion, France turned its attention to the Tunisia-Libya
line due to the rebellion that started in Southern Tunisia at the begin-
ning of July 1881 and spread to the whole of Southern and Central
Tunisia in a short period of time. The French was in acquaintance with
the uprisings in Tunisia. In 1864 there was an uprising that affected
French citizens against the doubling of taxes and the compulsory re-
cruitment of soldiers . Although France intervened in the uprising in
17
1881 by sending considerable forces, it could not ensure security in
Tunisia. In the face of the harsh intervention and occupation of
France, more than 200,000 Tunisians consisting of various tribes had

8 A. Kavas, Osmanlı Devleti’ni Kuzey Afrika’da cit., p. 28.
9 F. Braudel, The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World cit., p. 325.
10 N. Jorga, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Tarihi III, Yeditepe Publishing, Istanbul, 2005, p.
142; A. Kavas, Osmanlı Devleti’ni Kuzey Afrika’da cit., p. 34;
11 N. Jorga, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu cit., p. 143.
12 R. Mantran, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Tarihi I, Adam Publishing, Istanbul, 1992, p.
500; A. Kavas, Osmanlı Devleti’ni Kuzey Afrika’da cit., p. 37.
13 A.M. Planel, Les ressortissants de la protection consulaire française en pays mu-
sulman Le cas des Algériens de Tunisie sous le Second Empire, «Madrid mélanges de la
Casa de Velazquezs», 51:1 (2021), p. 139.
14 N. Amara, Faire la France en Algérie: émigration algérienne, mésusages du nom et
conflits de nationalités dans le monde: de la chute d’Alger aux années 1930, unpublished
PhD thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne, 2019, p. 6.
15 S.V. Toprak, Osmanlı Yönetiminde Kuzey Afrika cit., pp. 232-233.
16 M. Maksudoğlu, Tunus’un Osmanlı Devletinden Ayrılması, «Marmara Üniversitesi
İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi», 4 (1986), pp. 168-169.
17 A.M. Planel, Les ressortissants de la protection consulaire cit., p. 141.

Mediterranea - ricerche storiche - Anno XX - Agosto 2023
ISSN 1824-3010 (stampa) ISSN 1828-230X (online)